How to do O2 correction for stack emission?

O2 correction is only carried out, if O2 corrections > 11%.
 For O2 < 11% no correction is allowed.
It’s require to correct the value for the 11% O2 by following formula

Es = {(21 - Os) / (21 - Om) } x EM

Es = Calculated emission concentration at the standard percentage oxygen concentration

Em = Measured emission concentration

Os = Standard oxygen concentration

Om = Measured oxygen concentration

What is Stack?

Stack is nothing but chimney which is used to disperse the hot air at a great height, emissions & particulate matters that are emitted from the various types of stacks like boiler, flue gas etc. At these heights the polluted air disperse in a very large area so that concentrations at ground are within permissible limits and not harmful for humans, animals and vegetation.

There are several types of flue-gas stack based on fuel injections. Eg. DG set stack, flue gas stack, process stack, furnace stack, boiler stack, chimney etc.

What is Stack Monitoring ?

Emissions Testing, otherwise referred to as Stack Sampling or Stack Monitoring, is the experimental process for evaluating the characteristics of industrial waste gas stream emissions into the atmosphere. Materials emitted to the air from these sources can be solid, liquid, or gas; organic or inorganic.

Stack monitoring is referred as Stack emission testing, stack emission monitoring or stack sampling. It is a process to measure emission of industrial waste or pollutants emitted into atmosphere. The pollutants emitted from stack can be solid, gaseous, liquid organic or inorganic.

How to determine Static Pressure in stack

Static pressure determination
For the static pressure determination requires first to disconnect the positive end of the pitot tube then take the reading of velocity pressure.
Use the following formula for the calculation. For measurement of static gas pressure pitot tube Should be rotated by 90degree from the position of actual Δ P measurement.
This would provide better accuracy.

Ps may be calculated as Ps = P bar ± (Δ Ps / 13.6)

Where:
P bar = Barometric pressure in mm mercury column
Ps = Stack gas velocity pressure, mm water column
Ps = Static pressure mm Hg column.
Density of Hg = 13.6